What process occurs when vapor changes to liquid as energy is removed?

The process that occurs when vapor changes to liquid as energy is removed is condensation. During condensation, water vapor in the air cools down and loses energy, resulting in the transition to a liquid state. This commonly occurs when warm, moist air comes into contact with cooler surfaces, such as a glass of ice water or a cold window, leading to the formation of droplets.

Understanding condensation is crucial in water restoration practices, especially in environments where moisture needs to be managed effectively to prevent damage or mold growth. The removal of moisture from the air is an essential step in drying out water-damaged areas, and recognizing how condensation works helps restoration professionals to control humidity levels and system efficiencies.

The other processes mentioned involve different changes in state and energy dynamics: sublimation refers to the transition from solid to vapor without passing through the liquid state; evaporation is the process of a liquid turning into a gas when energy is added; and deposition is the direct conversion from vapor to solid. Each of these processes is essential in the context of water behavior, but they do not describe the transition of vapor to liquid as energy is removed.